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At the 2016 Summer Olympics she represented the United States again in the triathlon. During the race she suffered a leg cramp in her quadriceps following the swim portion of her race. She was unable to recover and was lapped during the bike segment, forcing her withdrawal from the race.

True scored her first World Triathlon Series win in 2014 at the penultimate round in Stockholm. The following weekend, in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada at the 2014 ITU World Triathlon Series Grand Finale, she finished in fourth place and secured second place in the overall points standings just behind fellow American Jorgensen.

True was born to parents Gerald and Jeannine Groff in Hanover, New Hampshire at Dartmouth–Hitchcock Medical Center and raised in Cooperstown, New York. She competed in cross country, track and swimming in high school at Cooperstown High School and Deerfield Academy. After spending a year in Valencia, Spain, True went on to attend Middlebury College where she was a member of the swim team and competed in middle distance and distance freestyle events. True was named to the All-NESCAC and All-American teams for her accomplishments.

True competed in the 2012 Olympic Games in triathlon where she finished in fourth place, the highest American in triathlon. She finished with a time of 2:00:00, ten seconds back of the Bronze medal. True also finished the 2012 ITU World Triathlon Series ranked seventh in the final point standings. For her accomplishments she was named by USA Triathlon as their Olympic/ITU Athlete of the Year. The next year, she finished 9th in the 2013 ITU World Triathlon Series and took second in the USA Triathlon National Championships finishing behind Jorgensen.

After taking some time off to heal, the 2011 season yielded much better results. True finished third at the 2011 WCS race in Kitzbühel, achieving the first-ever podium finish for a U.S. woman. A month later, she would place 7th in London, a designated World Qualification Event for the 2012 Olympics, putting her on the American Olympic team with second-place finisher Gwen Jorgensen. Her performances for the entire 2011 WCS series earned her an overall third-place finish in the World Championships Series standings, the best showing by an American triathlete in the three-year history of the series.

In 2009, True had three top 10 finishes in ITU racing, including 9th-place finishes in the newly revamped World Championship Series (WCS) events in Madrid and Washington, D.C. She was the 2nd ranking American woman in the WCS series. In 2010, she joined up with coach Darren Smith. True's year began with a bike crash that fractured her sacrum which caused her pain throughout the racing season. During the year she would go on to take 12th at London, 10th at Kitzbühel and 8th at Hamburg in WCS racing events. She also took 2nd at the USA Triathlon Elite Championship and 5th at the US Open Toyota Cup finale in Dallas. Despite her results, True felt she was at a low point in her career due to injury and unsatisfying race results.

True began her International Triathlon Union (ITU) racing in 2005, competing in various World Cup and Pan American Cup races. In 2007, True had her first notable finish, winning the 2007 ITU Aquathlon World Championships. That same year she placed 4th at the ITU World Cup race in Edmonton and was a member of the runner-up USA squad at the ITU World Team Championship. The following year, with coach Siri Lindley, she placed 2nd at the 2008 World Cup race in Huatulco and placed 7th at the ITU World Championship in Vancouver. At the first 2008 USA Triathlon Olympic Trials in Tuscaloosa, True placed third, and at the end of the year she finished as the top American woman and 4th overall in the ITU World Cup season series.

Sarah True (née Groff, born November 27, 1981) is an American athlete who competes in triathlon. She represented the United States in triathlon in 2012, finishing in fourth place, and at the 2016 Summer Olympics. True is the winner of the 2007 ITU Aquathlon World Championships and finished in second place in the 2014 ITU World Triathlon Series.